Carbureter.



A. HOWARTH.

GARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 24, 1909.

1,03,547; I Patented July 16, 1912.

2 sums-sum 1.

(OWNECTEO WITH AN OPERATING A. HOWARTH.

OARBURETER. APPLICATION FILED JULY 24, 1909.

Patented July 16, 1912;

Lemmy? 2 SHEETSSHEET Z.

fear a ALBERT HOWARTH, F PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNIEASSIGN- MENTS, TQSTAR. CARBURETOR AND SUPPLY COMPANY, OF PRQVIDENCE.RHODE ISLAND, A CORPORATION OF RHODE ISLAND.

GARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 16, 1912i Application filed. July 24, 1909. Serial No.509,380.

- accompanying drawings.

' g'asolcne-feed needle mounted therein.

Like reference characters represent like parts.

Figure 1 1s a front ele "HUGH of my lin proved carbureter. Fig. is aside elevation of the same, the throttle valve and air valve beingpartially open. Fig. 3 is a bottom plan, view as seen on line a a ofFig. 1. Fig. "l: is a cross sectional view 'as seen on line 0 c of Fig.5. Fig. 5 is a central vertical section as seen on line Z) Z) ofFig. 1.Fig. 6 is a view partly in elevation and partly in section as seen online 0 c of Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a view partly in plan and partly insection as seen on line (Z d of Fig. 5. Fig. 8 is an'isometric View ofthe combined throttle valve and air -valve, together with the Fig. 9 isa cross sectional view of the gasolenefeed needle (on an enlarged scale)as seen on line'f f of Fig. 8. Fig. 1-0 is a view of the mixing chamberand. the bottom thereof, as seen in section on line 5], g, of Fig. 8,and includes a sectional view (on said line) of the conical nozzle andof its tube.

My invention relates to the class of carburetors for gas explosiveengines adapted to use for propelling automobile vehicles and for otherwork; and it consists of the novel construction and combination of theseveral parts and elements hereinafter described as set forth in theclaims.

in the drawings, the reference numeral 1 indicates the mixing chamber ofthe C2t1l)1l havingat i upper end an annular ictioi or 1-. 2, and anaxially directed, conccn. c, tubular extension 3, whose inner surface istireaded, as seen in Fig. 'i'houter peripheral surface of the tubular.citrus-hm has the heXagonally-ar-- ranged wrench-faces t, illustrated inFigs. 1 and An outlet pipe his in threaded con" ,nccticn with thetnbular'extension 3 and serves to. cen uct to the engine (not shown-ythe carhnreted air produced by the carbir rotor. The mixing chamber 1also has at its bottom the tubular extension 6, which has the interiorscrew thread, shown in Fig.5. It also is provided with the twoear-pieces 7, 8, through which a binding screw 9 passes, as seen inFigs. 1, 2 and 5.

The mixing chamber 1, has on one side a tubular extension 10 to containa relief air valve as hereinafter. described. A shaft 1]. passes throughapertures made therefor in themixing chamber 1 and also through thebosses 12, 13, integral with said mixing chamber and forming therewiththe bearings, in which the shaft 11 is so mounted as to be capable of anoscillatory movement therein. The shaft 11 is oscillated by power,applied by the operator to a lever (not shown), whose end is connectedby a link or red 14 to the end of a crank or arm 15 by means of apivotal screw as illustrated at- 16. This crank or arm 15 is mounteduponone end of the shaft 11, as bestseen in Fig. 2, and fastened thereto bya key or spline 17. Forthis purpose the crank arm 15 is made with a.tubular hub or head 18. A sectorshaped piece 19, integral with the crankarm 15 (at the end which is adjacent toth e tubular hub or head 18) hasthe two flanges or bosses 29 and 21f A regulating or adjusting screw 22'is mounted in and through the boss or flange 20, as shown in Fig. 2,and is held in its adjusted position by a check nut 23. The crank arm 15carries a valve 24, preferably integral therewith and of thesubstantially hook-shape illustrated in Fig. 2. I

From one side of the mixing chamber 1, a stop pin 25 projects, withwhich the boss or flange 21, of the scctor-piece 19 of the crank arm 15and also the inner end of the adjusting screw arealternately brought incon tact, thus limiting the extent of the oscillation of the crank arm15 and the shaft 11, on which the crank arm is fastened. The shaft 11carries the curved arm or cam 26, which has the curved cam edge 27 andwhich is mounted on the shaft by its tubular head 28, and fastenedthereon by themin 29.

Themixing chamber 1. has a sectorshaped aperture 30, shown by dottedlines in Fig.5 and partially by full lines in Fig. 6. The mixing chamber1 is made with an exterior flat bottomed recess, represented in Fig; 6,around which is an arc-shaped rim 31, with a flat face. A sectonshaped,liaryvalvc- I stop 32 is secured by a screw 33 to the mixing chamber 1in the bottom of the recess.

- An auxiliary air-valve 34 has an arc-shaped periphery, about 234 inextent, andis movable in said recess in sliding contact with the bottomthereof, being concentric w1th said recess. The outer plane surface ofthe air 'valve 34 is flush with the adjacent plane surface of thecarbureter body 1, as seen in Figs. 4 and 6. A portion of its peripheryis toothed or serrated, as illustrated in Fig. 6 at 35. A handle 36preferably integral with the valve 34 extends radially therefrom. Theacute-angled point of the valve stop 32 furnishes abearin against andupon whichthe obtuse-angle portion of the radial surfaces of the airvalve 34 is in contact, and so allows said .valve to oscillateconcentrically in said recess to cover or uncover, at the will of theoperator, the aperture of the mixing chamber 1; The air valve 34 issupported in position by the in: ner plane face of the hook-shaped valve24,

which is slidable on the flat face of the rim 31 and on the exposedplane surface of said air valve 34, and it is also supported by theinner plane surface of the flange 20 of the crank arm 15, which flangeisslidable on the outer plane surface of the air valve 34,'a s"represented in Fig. 1, but most clearly 1n cent squared end of saidplug. An adjustposition.

Y 44 has an outer head 45, whic contact with the central boss of;thedisk 43,

ing screw 40 is in threaded engagement with said bore and furnishes abearing for the outer end of the spring 38, and thus.- regulates thetension of said spring. The protruding sharpened end of the plug- 39 isconical and engageable'with the teeth or serrations 35 of the auxiliaryair valve 34, thus securing the said valve in its adjusted The contactof the valve handle 36 with the tube 37 limits the movement of the valve34 in one direction and the contact of said valve handle with the end 41of the rim 31 of said recesslimits the movement of the valve 34 in theopposite direction.

A diametrical piece or web 41 extends across the tubular extension 10and is provided with a central bearing 42. A disk 43 constitutes arelief valve and has a central threaded aperture. The relief valve stemis in snug as seen in Figs. 4 and 5, being engaged with said disk byscrew-threads, as lshow The cylindrical portion of i the. valve s m 44slides loosely in the bearing in the web 41. The valve stem has ahead-*46 at its inner stem 44 and has its hearing at one end against thehead 46, and also has its oppositebearing against therear surface of thebearing 42. By force of this spring the disk 43 is normally held inclose contact here spreads conically. Awater jacket 50 surrounds thechamber 48, as represented in Fig. 5. The water jacket 50 is tapped intwo places, diametrically opposite each other, for the reception of twopipes 51 and 52, to supplywater thereto. Two air-valve apertures 53, 54,open through the chamber 48, being diametrically opposite to each otheras shown in Figs. land 2 in solid lines, and one of them is shown inFig. 5

in dotted lines. The sides and bottom of each air'inlet or aperture 53are tapered, as

shown in solid lines in Figs. 2, 7 and 10 and in dotted lines in Fig. 5.

The chamber 48 has a bottom 55, shown in Figs. 3 and 10,'and is providedwith an annular flange 56, a portion of which is toothed or serrated, asillustrated in said Fig. 3 and in Figs. 1, 2 and 5 at 57-. Through thebottom 55 of the chamber are the two diametrically opposite air inletholes 58, 59, for the entrance of primary air.

The water jacket 50 is provided with a plug 60, by the removal of whichthe contents of the water jacket may be drained. A nozzle or cone 61 forsupplying gasolene to the chamber 48 has a tubular stem 62, the upperend of Whosebore is threaded as shown at 63, and is also provided with aconcentric enlargement, as seen at 64. The lower part of the stem 62 hasthe'external thread 65 and just below the conical head 61 is threadend.A spiral spring 47 surrounds the valve ed externally, as seen at 66. Thediameter of the threaded tube 62 at 65 is somewhat less than the.diameter of said threaded tube at 66.

The primary air valve is designated as 67.

It has a centralenlargement 68, provided with a circular aperture, bymeans of which 1t 1s loosely mounted on 'the tube 62, as bestillustrated in Fig. 5, in contac'twith. the lower annularedge of thecone head 61.

Thevalve 67 has a handle 69, extending therefrom with a bend 70. Thevalve 67 has a projection 71 formed therein,,which en- 5. The hole inthe nut 72 is large enough to allow said nut to slip loosely over thescrew threads in moving up along the lower end of the tube 62 to itsengaging position illustrated in Fig. 10. Tl'ie'primary air valve 67 hasa limited rotation on the tube 62, so as to cover or uncover the airinlet holes .58, 59, as the operator desires. This action of the primaryair valve is best illustrated in Fig. 8.

a 'ulator 73 has a plurality of .i cted holes, one of which sho n at 74.From the inner ends of these holes on axially-directed passage extendsupwardly, as represented in dottedlines in Fig. 5. The holes'id openinto the chamher or enlargement 64 of the tube 62. The tubetSEZ has thepipe 75, whose inner end opens into the chamber or' enlargement- .64 ofthe tube 02. A. gasolene supply pipe '76 is in threaded connection withthe outer end of the pipe 75 and conducts gasolene em a tank or othersource (not shown).

e gasolenofeed regulator has at its upper end 'a screw-threadedconnection. with the threaded portion 03 of the bore of the cone head ornozzle 01. A handle 78, passin through the lower portion of the gasouseregulator, enables the latter to turn upon the screw-threads 03. AWasher 1 9 lies inst beneath the concaved annular ed n 77 oi the tube 02and is held in p0si- 3, 5 th ot H0, which "engages the screw- 65, us iresented. in Fig. 5.

'5". the bore of the conical head or noz;..e 01, as seen in Fig. 5, andhas an axial longitudinal passage through it. The gasolene needle valvecomprises, three parts,a head 82, which has a roundedbottom andconieally tapering sides and fits the concavity of the valve seat 81, asshown in .l' ig. 5; a cylindrical. stem 83, extending up axially fromthe upper larger end of the valve head S53; and a long needle 84, whichextends axially downward from the smaller end of the valve head 82. Theneedle 84 extends loosely in the longitudinal, axial bore of thegaso'lene feed device shown inFig. 5.

The valve stem 83 is provided with a transverse hole, in which isinserted a cross pin. The needle S41 is shown in cross section on anenlarged scale, the straightsurface indicated by 86 in .l i extendsdiagonally with respect to t .zial line of said needle, as representedin Fig. 8, so that the needle tapers on said surface, andthe needle islarger at the top of said taper than at the end of the taper. The needleS li.uay, how-' ever, be simply tapered concentrically to form a longcone, if preferred.

A piston valve 87 fits in the bore of the chamber 14-8 and is slidabletherein. It is a combined throttle valve and air valve. It has near itsupper end the outlet openings dlevalve seat ill fits in the 88 for thedischarge ofcarbureted air, which openings extend between the posts 89.There is a diametrically extending web piece 90, in which is a tubularbearing 91. The stem 83 of the gasolene. needle valve is loosely mountedin the bearing 91.. The cylindrical portion 92 of the piston, when theparts are in the position represented in Fim 5, shuts. down over andcloses the apertures 53 and 54, as seen in Fig. 5. The piston valve hasa solid top 93, which is integral with the tubular portion of thepiston. When the piston is in the position shown in Fig. 5, the top 93is almost flush with the top edge of the tubular extension 6 of thechamber 48, but it is a, very little above said edge. ,When the partsare in the position shown in Fig. 5, the air outlet openings 88 areclosed by the inner surface of the tubular extension 0, and the airinlet openings 53 are closed by the cylindrical sides of the pistonvalve. By means of the cross pin 85, the valve stem 83 of the gasoleneneedle valve is supported loosely within the piston valve, as shown inFig. 5.

A priming stud 94 has a threaded stem 95 (shown in dotted lines in Fig.5), which extends through and is fastened in the bottom 55 of thechamber 48, and is provided with 'hexagonally-disposed faces and alsowith a downward cylil'ldrical extension 96. A priming swivel 97' has atone end an aperture to receive loosely the end of said extension, which,when the parts are assembled, is headed over to sustain said swivel inposition. The outer portion of the swivel 97 is bifurcated and is bentat a right angleto extend vertically downward. A priming lever 98 ismounted between the bifurcated ends of the swivel and is pivotedthereto'at 99. An operating wire 100 is secured to an eye in the upperend of the lever 98, as seen at 101.. The priming stud 94- and itsextensions are tubular, and a priming pin 102 is mounted slidably in thetube. The priming pin 102 has a head 103, and a spiral spring 104:surrounding said pin has its upper .end bearing against the headed-overend of the extension of the stud 91 and its lower end bearing againstthe head 103, of the pin 10 2. The lower, bent, free end of the priminglever 98 extends beneath the head 103 of the; pin 102 in contacttherewith and supports said pin in position. The upper end of thepriming pin 1.02 is in contact with the lower edge of the piston valveat one point thereof, as illustrated in. Fig. 5..

As shown in Fjig. 5, the operative end of the curved arm or cam 26 is incontact with the top 93" of the piston valve, when The parts are in theposition there illustrated. The piston 87, 92, is a free piston, thatis, it is not operated by a piston rod. but is movable in onedirection'by the sucl io r of the engine, and in the opposite directionby gravity or the "back pressure of the explosion.

- Having thus of my improved carbureter, I will nowexthrottle valve isopened entirely (or prin-' citpally) by the suction of the engine,instead 0 by the use of mechanically movable devices. Suppose that thecarbureter is 'in its non-operative position and at rest, as 'shown .inFig. 5[ At this time the curved arm or cam26,- fastened on the shaft.11, is directed downwardly and presses down the top 93 of the pistonvalve, so that said top is flush (or approximately flush) with the upper.annular edge of the tubular top or extension 6 of the chamber 48. Theaux iliary air valve 24 partiallycloses the .air inlet30, asshown inFig. 2. Theprimary "air valve 67 partially closes the air-inlet;

openings 58, 59, as illustrated in Fig. 3.

The air-outlets 88 88, of the piston valve.

30 are closed by the tubular extension 6 of the chamber 48, as shown inFig. 5. The air inlet openin s 53 and 5 1 are closed by the cylindricalside of the iston valve, as seen in Fig. 5. The flow ot gasolene isstopped by the seating of the cone head 82 in the valve seat 81, and bythe seating of the needle 84- in the passage of the gasolenefeedregulator, as shown in Fig. 5.

The carburetor is set in operation as follows. The chauffeur draws thelink'bar 14 in the direction indicated by the arrow 105 in Fig. 5,thereby rockingthe shaft- 11, which lifts the end of the curved arm orcam 26 from its forcible contact with the't'op 93' of the piston valve,sobthat the.piston valve is thereafter ready torise whenever motivepower is applied for that purpose. The rise of the piston valveislimited by the cam 26,

when said cam. has been elevated by th' oscillation of the shaftll. Thechauffeur then cranks the engine as usual, and gives th'e initial chargeof gasolene to the carbur'eter by drawing the wire 100 in the directionindicated by. the arrow 106, thereby raising the free, lower end of thepriming lever 98. This movement of the lever 98 lifts the priming pin102-, and compresses the spring 104 (which spring, when released by thecessation of the power drawing the wire, returns said parts to theirformer, normal position). The rise of-the priming pinlOQ lifts thepiston valve. \Vhen the piston valve so rises, three results areaccomplished Qthe gasolene needle valve is slightly raised the airinlets and 54 are slightly described the several parts plain the mode ofitsoperation. This car bureter belongs to the class of suction-oper---uncovered, and the air outletopenings are also slightly uncovered, asthey come up above the top annular edge of the tubulair extension-6' fthe chamber 4.8. As the level of the asolene in the supply tank (notshown) is above the level: of the valve seat 81,the gasoleneisdischarged from the valve seat 81 by gravity, and is mingled with tgeair, which comes through the air .inlets 3 and 54; and the explosivemixture, is) formed, passes out through theapertures $8 of the pistonvalve and passes throu h mixing chamber land the pipe 5 to t eengine,-and is ignited or exploded in'the' usual manner. Theoperation-of the carburet'pr, 80, having been thus establislied;continues aut'o matically until the chaufi'eur reverses the ,movement ofthe link 14,-thus rocking the shaft 11 reversely, and so causes thecurved arm or cam 26 to press down to former position thepiston valve.Consequently the air openings of said valve'and of the chamber areclosed again and the-flow of gasolene is stopped.

The gasolene is supplied to the carbureter through the pipe 76 from atank or other source, (not shown). It flows by gravity from thepipefi 6,through the pipe 75, into the annularv chamberbr enlarged space 64within the tube 62.' Thence it flows through the inlet holes 74 and upthrough the verti-r eal-passage shownin dotted lines in Fig. 5 and as te needle valve 8-1, is lifted, the gasolene .is discharged into thechamber 48 in the open bottom of the piston valve, as already explained.The amount of gase lene so discharged depends on the amount of clearanceof the tapered surface 86 of the needle 8 1 within the bore or passageof the gasolene-feed regulator. The degree of such clearance isdetermined by means of the handle 78, by which said regulator is turnedupon the screw threads 63 'of the cone head or nozzle 61. The more theregulator is tom of the mixing chamber, and the horiward through the airinlets 53. These ver-. tica-l air currents and horizontal air currentsstrike one upon another adjacent to the valve seat 81 and valve head 82,and so thus mixing thoroughly the gasolene vapor and air to produce thecarbureted air. The washer 7 9, and packing nut 80, constitute astutling box to prevent the leakage of gasolene.

screwed up, the less the amount of the clear and vapor by the impingingof two zontal air currents which pass radially indissipatethe jet ofgasolene there delivered, M

In order to diminish the richness of the mingled gasolene vapor and air,mixed within the piston valve and discharged therefrom into the mixingchamber 1, I use the auxiliary air valve. By the oscillation of thecrank 15, as the link 14 is drawn in the direction indicated by thearrow 105 (Fig. 5), the

aperture 30 in the body 1 of the carbureter is uncovered to some extent,by the sliding of the valve 24 across it, as best illustrated in Fig. 2,whereupon the atmospheric air rushes in through the "aperture 30 andreduces the richness of the mixtureby adding thereto more air. Theamount of. such auxiliary air supply through the aperture 30 isregulated by adjusting the position of the auxiliary air valve 34;. Bymoving the handle 36, as much of the opening 30 can be uncovered asdesired, and the valve 34 is held in its adjusted position by theengagement of the plug 89 with that tooth 35 of the series ofserrations, which then receives the pointed end of the plug, the spring3tiserving to maintain such engagemeiit. It is observed that this valve34 has no central pivot, on which to oscillate, but its areshaped edgein sliding contact with the areshaped rim 31 of the recess, wherein saidvalve is mounted, cooperating; with the acute-angled point of the piece30 and the vobtuse-angled edge of the valve, constitute a substitute fora pivot and give the requisite fulcrum action. Thus the valve 34 maywholly close the opening 30, or maytully uncover said opening, or maypartially close or open it to any intermediate degree. The clan'ipingaction of the binding screw 9 draws the ear pieces 7 and 8 together andfirmly secures the mixing chamber 1, of the carbureter to the tubulartop 6 of the chamber 48, as illustrated in Fig, 5. In case of anyextreme gas pressure within the car- -buret-er mixing chamber 1, therelief valve,

shown in Figs. 4-, and 6 acts automatically. The spring 47 is otanydesired tension and normally closes the disk or valve 43 intoforcibleclosing contact with the outer annular edge of thetubularextension 10, as shown in Figs. 4 and pressure within the mixingchamber exceeds the pressure of thespring 47, the disk or valve 43 ispressed outwardly, as represeated in 6', whereupon the excess of gaspressure 'is relieved by the access of atinospheric air. The spring 47then being tree to act, automatically closes the relief valve to thenormal position shown in Figs. .1. and 5.

In the regular, usual operation of the carbureter, the upward movementof the piston valve is caused by the suction of the engine. The downwardmovement of the piston valve is caused by the action of gravity, or byback pressure. .When, however: it is desired; to stop the engine, the'link la is re But if the gas versed, thus rocking the shaft 11reversely, and this oscillation of the shaft 11 brings down the curvedarm or lever 26 forcibly,

ble of a rising movement by operating the wire 101 and the lever 98, ashas been de-' scribed. The closure of the piston valve automatically bygravity is a more reliable and quicker action than a closure of it bymechanically operated means. When the piston valve descends to theposition represented in Fig. 5, the valve head 82 instantly shuts intoits-seat 81 and stops the gasoleue flow to the mixing chamber 48; l

- Acll' dni'iger ol baclt-fir-ing is prevented by the construction of mycarbureter as described. The gases produced by the back fire, being inthe mixing chamber 1 and necessarily above the piston valve, exert theirfull pressure upon the top 93 ot' the piston valve, cotiperating'withthe action of gravity to close said valve instantaneously. As there isno drip of gasolene possible, no ex plosion or firing can take place inthe carbureter or beneath" it. My improved carbureter has severaladjustable parts and therefore can be easily adapted to variousconditions of the Work required.

The quantity of primaryair passing into the carburetor through the airinlets 58 and 59 in the bottom of the chamber 48 is controlled andregulated by the valve 67, which is set by hand to open or close thesaid air inlets wholly or partially to any extent desired, and when itis so set, it is held iii-its" adjusted position by the engagement ofthe projection 71 withsom'e one of the teeth 57' on the annular rim ofthe chamber 48. The ouantit-y of air passing into the mixing chamber 1through the auxiliary air inlet 30 I is controlled and regulated by theauxiliary air valve 34, which opens or closes the aperture 30 to anydesired extent, and is held in its adjusted position by means of thespring-pressed plug 39 in engagement with some tooth of the notchedvalve rim 35. The quantity of gasolene admitted to the chamber 48 iscontrolled and determined by means of the gasolene-tced regulator 73.The farther up the regulator .73 is screwed, the smaller is thedischarge of the gasolene from the valve seat 81 when the needle valveis'raised by the piston valve.

As in my said Letters Patent No. 958,128, the piston valve, representedseparatelyin Fig. 8, is both a throttle valve and an air valve.

When the piston manna the posi- 18av a 4 v i tion illustrated in Fig. 5,the top 93 thereofand the upper cylindrical portion adjacent theretocompletely throttle the dischargeof the carbureted air from the mixingcham-- ber 48; but when, under the suction-power I claim as a novel anduseful invention and'desire.to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a carbureter, the combination of a tubular mixing chamber havingside air-inlets; a discharge pipe from the mixing "chamber to an engine;a tube mounted in the mixing chamber; an open-bottomed piston valveslidably mounted in said tube and movable thereinvby the suction of theengine, and having a circular top and a tubular body adapted to' contactwith said tube, and provided with mixture outlets through its sidesadjacent to its top, said mixure outlets of the piston valve beingclosed by the outlet pipe of the mixing chamber when 'the piston valveis fully seated therein and said side air-inlets of the mixing chamberbeing closed by the tubular body of the piston Valve when the pistonvalve is fully seated as aforesaid, but both said mixture outlets andair-inlets being open when the piston valve is partially raised in thetube of the mixing chamber; and a valve and valvev aperture in thebottom of the mixing chamber for admitting primary air thereto. I

2. In a carbureter, the combinationof a tubular mixing chamber; athrottle valve slidably mounted in the chamber in contact therewith andhaving a tubular body; a

downwardly extending, axially-directed valve stem carried by thethrottle valve and having a valve head atits lower end with conicallytapering sides; a nozzle'having a bore; a detachable valve seat mountedin said bore at the upper -endof the nozzle and provided with an uppercentral concavity into. which said valve head is movable and also with acentral longitudinal bore; a needle extending downward from said valve-end, passing slidably through thebore. of the valve seat and into thenozzle bore;

means for supplying gasolene to the nozzle; and means for supplyingatmospheric air to the mixing chamber.

3. In a carburetor, the combination of a tubular mixing chamber; athrottle valve slidably mounted in'the chamber in contact therewith andhaving a tubular body; a needle valve carried by the-throttle valve andprovided with a head; a nozzle having a bore; a detachable valve seatmounted in said bore at the upper end of the nozzle and provided with anupper central concavity into which the head of the needle valve ismovable and also with a central longitudinal', tubular bore; a needleextendingdown- I ward from said needle valve head,

slidably through the bore of the valve seat into the nozzle bore, whichneedle is formed having a tubular body and slidably mounted in saidchamber in contact therewith; a

nozzle extending up through the bottom of the mixing chamber andprovided at its upper end with alva'lv'e seatwhich has a centrallongitudinal bore; an air valve having an aperture by which it isrotatably mounted on the nozzle beneath the bottom of the mixing chamberand adapted to cover or uncover said air -inlets; a needle valve carriedby the throttle valve and having a head adapted to fit in said valveseat; a needle extending from said valve head through the valveseat andthe bore thereof into the nozzle bore; a nut engageable' with the nozzleto support said air Valve in position; and means for supplying gasoleneto the nozzle.

5. In a carbureter,-the combination of a mixing chamber, a throttlevalve slidably mounted in the mixing chamber, a needle valve carried bythe throttle valve and having a head, a nozzle having alongitudinal borewhich is enlarged midway :to form a gasolene chamber, a valve seathaving a longitudinal bore and mounted detachably in 'vided with airinlets, an oscillatory air valve adapted to cover and uncover said airinlets, and a nut supporting said air valve and adj ust'ably mounted onthe nozzle.

6. In a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber having anopening through one side for the admission of auxiliary air;

means for supplying primary air to the mixing chamber; means forsupplying gasolene to the mixing chamber; a valve rotatably mounted onthe mixing chamber and adapted to cover or uncover said opening at will,which valve has an arc-shaped edge provided with notches; and a plugadapted to hold said valve in position by engaging any one of saidnotches'at will.

7. In a carbureter for operating an oil-- supplied to the mixing chamberwhile the engine is in operation; a needle valve stem mounted on thethrottle valve and movable therewith; a gasolene-feed regulator 1031-,

provided with-a longitudinal passage; a

tapering needle valve carried by the needle 'alve stem and movable insaid passage to control the discharge of gasolene therethrough; andmeans for supplying gas'olene to said feed regulator in said passagethereof. Y

8. In a carbureter for operating an engine, the combination of a mixingchamber; a throttle valve normally seated in the mixing chamber; whichthrottle is movable upwardly by the suction of the engine and downwardlyby gravity; anozzle havingv a tubular bore and adapted to dischargegasolene beneath the throttle valve; means tor supplying atmospheric airto the mixing chamber; means movable at will to vary the quantity ofgasolene supplied to the nozzle and the quantity of atmospheric airsupplied to the mixing chamber while the engine isin operation; a needlevalve stem mounted on the throttle valve and movable therewith;avgasolene-feed regulator 1ongitudinally movable in the nozzle bore andprovided with a longitudinal passage; a tapering needle valve carried bythe needle valve stem and movable in said passage to control thedischarges of gasolene there through; and means for supplying gasoleneto the feed regulator in saidpassage thereot. I

9. In a carburetor, the combination of a mixing chamber; a piston valveslidablymounted in the mixing chamber; a shaft mounted in the mixingchamber and capable of an oscillatory movement therein; means forimparting oscillatory movement to said shaft; a cam on said shaftadapted to contact with-the upper end of the piston valve to impart tothe piston valve a downward movement when the shaft is oscillated in onedirection and to limit the upward movement of the' piston valve when theshaft is oscillated in the opposite direction; a fixed nozzle havingabore and extending .into the mixing chamber; a needle valve having atapering needle and mounted on and movable with the piston valve; agasobore, and means lene-feed regulator movable in the nozzle bore andhaving a longitudinal passage, which regulator is movable along saidneedlc; means for. supplying gasolene to the feed regulator through saidpassage thereof; and means for supplying atmosphericair to the mixingchamber. I

10. In a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber, a combinedthrottle valve and air valve slidably mounted in the mixing chamber andhaving air inlets and mixture outlets, which inlets and outlets are openwhen said combined throttle valve and air valve rises by engine suction,but are closed when saiilcombined throttle valve and-air valve is fullyseated, a needle valve stem loosely mounted in said combined throttlevalve and air valve and provided with a conical head, a tapering needlevalve extending from said head, a fixed nozzle having a longitudinalbore and also a valve seat at the upper end of-said bore thereof adaptedto receive the head of said needle valve stem, said needlevalveextending slidably in a bore of the valve seat, and means forsupplying gasolene'to said nozzle bore.

11. in carburetor for an engine, the combination of a mixing chamber,having air inlets through its bottom and other air inlets through itssides, a throttle mounted in the mixing chamber and able upwardlytherein by the suction o. the engine and downwardly there-in by graviwhich valve has-a closed top and side mixture outlets near its top, saidmixture outlets of the valve and said sideair inlets of the mixing'chamber. are open when said valve.

is raised by said suction. a nozzle in the mixing chamber whosedischarging end. is located opposite the lower edge of said side airinlets, a needle valve on the throttle valveadapted to open and closethe nozzle for supplying gasolene to the nozzle.

12. In a carburetor tor an engine, the combination of a mixing chamber,having an air inlet through its bottom, a tube provided' with side airinlets, each Ofwhich last named air inlets is larger at its top than atits bottom, a throttle valve having a closed top and a tubular bodywhich is slidable upwardly in the mixing chamber by the sucill) tion ofthe engine and downwardly bygravity, which side air inlets of said tubeand which side inlets of the throttle valve-are closed when the throttlevalve is fully seated in said tube, but are open when said throttle'valve rises by said suction, a nozzle inthe mixing chamber, whosedischarging end is adjacent to the lower edge of each of the air inletsof said tube, a needlevalve on the throttle valve adapted toopen'andclose the nozzle bore,"a-nd means for supplying gaso- .jbinat-ion of amixing chamber having air inlets in its-bottom, a tube from the mixingchambenprovided with side air inlets; an

lene to the'nozzle. vl3. In a carbureter for an engine, the

combination ot a mixing chamber having conically flaring sides and alsohaving a bottom with air inletsytherethrough, means for regulating thequantity of air passing inwardl through the bottom air inlets ofthemixmg chamber, a tubular pipe mounted in the mixing chamber andhaving side air inlets, a throttle valvei-having atop which is normally'in position flus'h with the top edge of s'aid pipe andjalso having abody which is slidable in the pipe by the suction of the enginaandprovided with side'mixture outlets near said top, which said. air inletsof the pipe and. said mixture outlets of the throttle valve are closedwhen the throttle valve is fully seated in said pipe but are open whenthe throttle valve rises by said suction, a nozzle mounted in the mixingchamber and having its discharging end adjacent to the side air inletsof said pipe,

a needle valve on the throttle valve adapted to open and close thenozzle bore, and means for supplying gasolene. to said nozzle.

14. In a carbureter for an engine, the combination of an outlet. pipefrom the mixing chamber to the engine; a mixing chamber having an airinlet in its bottom and also a tube from the mixing chamber providedwith side air inlets; a throttle valve having a closed top and also atubular body which is slidable in said tube by the suction of theengine, which side air inlets of the tube and side air outlets of thethrottle valve are closed When, the throttle valve is fully seated inthe tube, but are open when the throttle valve. is partially raised invsaid tube by thev suction of the engine; a nozzle in the mixing chamberhaving a bore whose discharging end is located adjacent to the said airinlets of the tube; 1a needle valve carried by the throttle valve andadapted to open and close the nozzle bore; means of supplying gasoleneto thenozzle; and means for regulatingtheicurrent of air passing.

through the side air inlets of said tube and through said air outlets ofthe throttle valve. a

15. In a carbureter for an engine, the comoutletpipe from the mixingchamber to the engine, a throttle valvehaving a closed top and also atubular body which is slidablein said tube by the suction of the engine,

which side air inlets of the tube and said air outlets of the throttlevalve are closed.

the tube; aflneedle valve carried by the throttle valve and adapted. toopen and close the nozzle bore; means for supplying gasolene to thenozzle; and means for regu- ''lating the current of air passing throughthe bottom air inlets of the mixing chamber.

16, In a carbure'ter for an engine, the combination of a mixing chamber,an outletpipe from the mixing chamber to the engine; 'a tube mounted inthe mixing. chamber; a throttle valve having a closed top and a tubularbody slidable in "said tube by the suctionof the engine; a nozzle in themix ing chamber having a bore; a needle valve carried by the throttlevalve and slidable.

in said bore; means for supplying gasolene to the nozzle; means forsupplying atmospheric air in a vertical current into and through saidmixing chamber into the tubular body of the throttle valve; and meansfor supplying atmospheric air in horizontal currents into said chambersubstantially at right angles with said vertical vair currents, whichvertical and horizontal air currents in meeting each other-at or nearthe discharging endof the nozzle areadapted to break up the gasolene jet"from the nozzle into spray to make carbureted air.

' In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

ALBERT HOWARTH. Witnesses:

JOHN J. LACE, Jr.,

WARREN R. Pnncnr

